Finally, single molecule studies will be initiated to measure the FRET signal in small volumes using confocal microfluorescence and other techniques.  Building on demonstrated SERRS detection of oxidation state of single bio-molecule, apply SPM-based technique to tag-free detection of specific DNA moiety past fixed location.  Evaluate SNOM technology for detection of fluorophore labelled DNA.  The lateral resolution of the SNOM tip (50nm) will allow measurements of individual DNA strands immobilised on suitable substrates. This will include use of nanotubes attached to the AFM tip derivatised by addition of the primary fluorophore at the end of the nanotube.  We will also try to develop an “apertureless” SNOM in order to reach single molecule detection.  This involves collecting the emission from the molecules localised by AFM imaging, but collecting only the signal from the closest molecule using the SNOM optical fibre.

Outcomes:

This part of the Project has yet to be achieved.